Monday, 6 June 2016

Security Approach to Peace vs Peace Approach to Security: An Evaluation of OBJ/PMB vs Yaradua/GEJ Administration of Peace in Niger-Delta



Security approach to peace is a belief that the moment one floods security personnel in a volatile region, there will be peace in that region. In the process, the security personnel use the available maximum force to supress anything whatsoever that breaches the peace of that region. In the suppression of what is considered abnormal, those who are actually not involved in the ‘crime’ might end up being the casualties. On the other hand, peace approach to security is a belief that the moment peace is given at whatsoever cost; it will lead to security of a volatile region. Those that believe in this ideology always dialogue with the volatile group/ region and compromise certain things for peace to reign! They look at the cause of the agitation and try to soothe or solve it.
Nigerians have witnessed these two approaches in securing peace in the Niger-Delta. The first approach is always the ways of the ‘Khaki turned Agbada’ presidents while the second approach is in tandem with Civilian presidents who lacked the military mentality. OBJ bomb Odi Town and militarised the Niger Delta. The militants as they are being referred to made sure that the barrels of oil pumped daily reduced geometrically. As the soldiers were busy fighting and seeking the militants, the militants were busy bombing the pipelines to the point that major oil companies like Shell partially pulled out from oil exploration in Nigeria.
The end of OBJ brought Yaradua, a civilian, lacking the military intelligence. He tried the second approach and came in with a peaceful dialogue called ‘Amnesty!’ In a short while, this peaceful approach brought security back to that volatile region and the presidency was able to explore crude for a period of eight years. Pax Niger-Delta?  Yes? But there were pockets of violence! But not enough to ground oil exploration.  They managed to deliver gas to gas plants, to generate up to 6 thousand megawatts of electricity. 
However, another ‘khaki turned civilian’ came to power. The military mentality came over again. The idea of conceding certain things to have peace which leads to security is touted as being ‘weak!’ The might of federal republic comes to play again.  The compromised reached were cancelled. They were declared ‘wanted’ by the mighty federal power. When they flouted these orders, their place was flooded with the military personnel to search and arrest them. They moved back to the status quo and power drops, the barrels of crude drops and keeps on dropping still they have not seen them! Are they invincible? 
Which of these styles do you think can help manage peace in Niger-Delta?

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